Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show England Dep table	Warwickshire RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	146,224
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	1,381
(1) Officers of National Government	451
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	48
Post Office	285
Inland Revenue	105
Customs	3
Government Messengers, Workmen	6
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	4
(2) Officers of Local Government	913
Magistrate	58
Police	593
Prison Officer	63
Union and Parish Officer	123
Officer of Local Board	11
Other Local Officers	65
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	17
E. India and Col. Service	17
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	1,118
(1) Army	1,015
Army Officer	68
Army Half-pay Officer	61
Soldier	498
Chelsea Pensioner	302
Militia	80
Others	6
(2) Navy	103
Navy Officer	14
Navy Half-pay Officer	15
Seaman, R.N.	7
Royal Marine	21
Greenwich Pensioner	46
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	3,613
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	809
Clergyman	419
Protestant Minister	135
Roman Catholic Priest	63
Other Relig. Teachers	99
Parish Clerk	50
Other Church Officers	43
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	547
Barrister	33
Solicitor	214
Law Student	2
Other Lawyers	4
Officers of Law Court	36
Law Clerk	240
Law Stationer	18
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	841
Physician	50
Surgeon, Apothecary	308
Medical Student, Assist.	61
Dentist	36
Druggist	381
Others	5
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	45
Author, Editor, Writer	11
Ors. eng. in Literature	34
(5) Artists	465
Artist, Painter	125
Sculptor	17
Engraver	264
Photographic Artist	57
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	2
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	304
Musician	210
Music-master	94
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	75
Actor	40
In Theatres, Exhibitions	35
(8) Teachers	473
Schoolmaster	389
Teacher of Languages	39
Profes. of Mathematics	8
Teacher (General)	20
Teacher of Dancing	11
Other Teachers	6
(9) Scientific Persons	54
Civil Engineer	46
Other Scientific Persons	8
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	242
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	152
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	152
(4) Scholars (so described)	90
Scholar (so described)	90
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	4,080
(1) In Board and Lodging	1,913
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	393
Publican	1,165
Beerseller	210
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	54
Coffee-house Keeper	47
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	9
Others--Boarding, &c.	35
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	2,167
Domst. Serv. (General)	938
Coachman	177
Groom	415
Gardener	243
Inn Servant	325
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	48
Others	21
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	3,483
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	2,598
Merchant	102
Banker	21
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	51
Stock Broker, &c.	8
Ship Broker, Agent	2
Broker	65
Agent, Factor	281
Coal, Colliery Agent	45
Iron Merchant, Agent	35
Salesman	28
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	79
Accountant	138
Commercial Clerk	1,318
Commercial Traveller	388
Other Mercantile Men	37
(2) Other General Dealers	885
Pawnbroker	145
Marine-store Dealer	100
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	256
Shopkeeper	85
Hawker, Pedlar	290
Other General Dealers	9
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	6,434
(1) Carriers on Railways	1,815
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	350
Railway Official	346
Railway Servant	986
Railway Police	131
Ors. eng. in	2
(2) Carriers on Roads	1,790
Toll Collector	60
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	90
Livery Staple Keeper	16
Coachman (not domstc.)	227
Cabman, Flyman	280
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	1,082
Others	35
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	945
Canal and River Service	173
Bargeman, Waterman	771
Others	1
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	79
Shipowner	0
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	47
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	7
Wharfinger	20
Others	5
(5) Engaged in Storage	640
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	473
Others in Storage	167
(6) Messengers and Porters	1,165
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	1,132
Telegraph Service	31
Others in Messages	2
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	24,736
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	22,766
Land Proprietor	300
Farmer, Grazier	3,600
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	906
Farm Bailiff	276
Agricultural Labourer	15,812
Shepherd (out-door)	592
Farm Servant (in-door)	1,098
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	97
Others in Agriculture	85
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	113
Woodman	112
Others in Arboriculture	1
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	1,857
Gardener	1,818
Nurseryman	39
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	1,481
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	1,481
Horse Dealer	40
Horsebreaker	38
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	825
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	150
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	102
Drover	53
Pig Merchant, Dealer	34
Gamekeeper	167
Vermin Destroyer	21
Fisherman	5
Others about Animals	46
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	30,736
(1) In Books	892
Bookseller, Publisher	137
Bookbinder	110
Printer	570
Newspaper Agent	67
Others in Publications	8
(2) In Musical Instrument	68
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	48
Others	20
(3) In Prints and Pictures	278
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	92
Others	186
(4) In Carving and Figures	114
Wood-carver	45
Others	69
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	108
Toy Maker, Dealer	20
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	88
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	205
Pattern Designer	21
Others	184
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	3,246
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	2,491
Optician	215
Weight or Measure Mkr.	388
Others	152
(8) In Surgical Instruments	24
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	18
Others	6
(9) In Arms	4,362
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	4,018
Others	344
(10) In Machines	4,949
Eng. and Mach. Maker	1,826
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	719
Scissors-maker	2
Tool Maker, Dealer	971
File-maker	203
Saw Smith, Maker	50
Cutler	48
Blade Maker, Forger	1
Knife-maker	5
Razor-maker	1
Others in Tools, Mchns.	1,123
(11) In Carriages	1,289
Coachmaker	919
Others	370
(12) In Harness	860
Saddler, Harness-maker	704
Whip-maker	156
(13) In Ships	118
Shipbldr., Shipwright	7
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	0
Boat, Barge,--Builder	100
Sailmaker	10
Others	1
(14) In Houses and Buildings	11,186
House Proprietor	302
House Agent	61
Architect	75
Surveyor	40
Builder	466
Carpenter, Joiner	3,888
Bricklayer	2,851
Marble Mason	44
Mason, Pavior	840
Slater, Tiler	118
Plasterer	462
Paperhanger	89
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	1,891
Others	59
(15) In Furniture	1,861
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	1,063
Undertaker	9
Chair-maker	131
Picture-frame Maker	49
Carver, Gilder	116
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	341
Furniture Broker	121
Others	31
(16) In Implements	956
Wheelwright	690
Millwright	137
Other Implement Mkrs.	129
(17) In Chemicals	220
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	73
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	18
Dyer, Calenderer	101
Others	28
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	18,230
(1) In Wool and Worsted	149
Woolstapler	27
Felt manufacture	6
Woollen Cloth manuf.	39
Clothier	7
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	42
Stuff manufacture	2
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	1
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	11
Others	14
(2) In Silk	5,784
Silk manufacture	2,260
Silk Dyer, Printer	297
Silk Mercer	10
Ribbon manufacture	2,998
Others	219
(3) In Cotton and Flax	109
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	33
Thread manufacture	1
Lace manufacture	18
Cotton manufacture	22
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	8
Others	27
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	1,178
Packer and Presser	37
Weaver (undefined)	23
Manchester Warehmn.	2
Draper, Mercer	936
Others	180
(5) In Dress	10,733
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	333
Hatter, Hat manuf.	385
Straw Plait manuf.	1
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	14
Shawl manufacture	3
Furrier	7
Tailor	2,669
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	90
Button-maker	1,591
Hose manufacture	40
Hosier, Haberdasher	132
Glover, Leather, &c.	8
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	5,021
Patten, Clog,--Maker	57
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	145
Others providing Dress	237
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	277
Mat Maker, Seller	16
Rope, Cord,--Maker	160
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	101
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	8,876
(1) In Animal Food	2,658
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	366
Cheesemonger	20
Butcher, Meat Salesman	1,668
Provision Curer, Dealer	311
Poulterer, Game Dealer	69
Fishmonger	214
Others	10
(2) In Vegetable Food	2,927
Corn Merchant, Dealer	123
Miller	704
Flour Dealer, Agent	17
Baker	1,265
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	294
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	425
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	9
Potato Merchant	40
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	32
Sugar Refiner	4
Others	14
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	3,291
Maltster	466
Brewer, &c.	942
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	123
Distiller, Rectifier	2
Cellarman	35
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	43
Grocer, Tea Dealer	1,443
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	50
Tobacconist	100
Others	87
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	1,621
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	538
Soap-boiler	27
Tallow-chandler	101
Comb-maker	71
Others	339
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	660
Fellmonger	37
Skinner	9
Tanner	119
Currier	285
Others	210
(3) In Hair	423
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	42
Brush, Broom,--Maker	379
Others	2
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	3,397
(1) In Gums and Resins	508
Oil Miller, Refiner	1
Oil and Colourman	13
French-polisher	68
Japanner	368
Others	58
(2) In Wood	2,189
Timber Merch., Dealer	154
Wood Dealer	20
Sawyer	875
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	10
Lath-maker	42
Turner	429
Box-maker	34
Cooper	355
Hoop Maker, Bender	35
Others	235
(3) In Bark	58
Cork Cutter, manuf.	58
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	318
Basket-maker	223
Hay and Straw Dealer	43
Thatcher	21
Others	31
(5) In Paper	324
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	36
Paper manufacture	65
Stationer (not Law)	98
Paper-stainer	4
Others Workers in Paper	121
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	26,484
(1) In Mining	1,574
Coal-miner	1,375
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	2
Iron-miner	103
Others	94
(2) In Coal	1,443
Coal Merchant, Dealer	743
Coalheaver, Labourer	296
Coke Burner, Dealer	9
Chimney Sweeper	140
Gas Works Service	252
Other Workers in Coal	3
(3) In Stone, Clay	2,492
Stone Quarrier	168
Stone Cutter, Polisher	72
Slate Quarrier	1
Limestone Quar., Burner	69
Clay Labourer	4
Brick Maker, Dealer	913
Railway Labourer	566
Platelayer	96
Excavator, Navvy	163
Road Contractor, &c.	23
Road Labourer	294
Scavenger	37
Dust Collector	0
Others	86
(4) In Earthenware	226
Earthenware manuf.	47
Tobacco-pipe Makers	69
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	105
Others	5
(5) In Glass	1,011
Glass manufacture	972
Other Workers in Glass	39
(6) In Salt	13
Salt manufacture	2
Other Dealers in Salt	11
(7) In Water	68
Waterworks Service	31
Others	37
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	3,777
Goldsmith, Jeweller	2,531
Plater, Plated Wareman	788
Others	458
(9) In Copper	136
Copper manufacture	51
Coppersmith	84
Others	1
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	672
Tin manufacture	14
Tinman, Tinker	363
Tinplate Worker	282
Others	13
(11) In Zinc	56
Zinc manufacture	56
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	93
Lead manufacture	68
Typefounder	0
Others	25
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	7,934
Brass Founder, manuf.	3,921
Brazier	168
Locksmith, Bellhanger	253
Gasfitter	411
Wire Maker, Drawer	689
Wire Worker, Weaver	250
Others	2,242
(14) In Iron and Steel	6,989
Iron manufacture	1,669
Whitesmith	355
Blacksmith	2,483
Nail manufacture	548
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	41
Boiler-maker	171
Ironmonger	220
Hardwareman, Dealer	95
Steel manufacture	76
Grinder (branch undef.)	98
Others	1,233
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	8,099
(1) General Labourers	7,174
Labourer	7,174
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	925
Mechanic	69
Shopman	22
Apprentice	2
Others of indef. occu.	832
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	404
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	404
Gentleman	249
Annuitant	155
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	482
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	446
Dependent on Relatives	5
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	14
Pauper, no stated occ.	135
Lunatic, no stated occ.	198
Others	94
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	5
Prisoner, no stated occ.	5
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	31
Vagrant, Beggar	11
Gipsy	20
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	1,327
Visitor, no stated occ.	64
Others of no stated occupation or condition	1,263

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.