Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Bakewell RegD/PLU table	Matlock AP/CP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	17	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	5	-
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	7	-
Police	4	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	7	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	3	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	2	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	102	60
Clergymen (Established Church)	3	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	13	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	6	4
Theological Student	1	-
Barrister, Solicitor	10	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	4	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	5	-
Dentist	2	-
Medical Student, Assistant	3	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	16	15
Schoolmaster	12	32
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	2	6
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Civil Engineer	3	-
Mining Engineer	2	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	2	-
Architect	5	-
Musician, Music Master	2	1
Art Student	1	-
Photographer	3	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	2	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	102	486
Domestic Coachman, Groom	15	-
Domestic Gardener	20	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	40	402
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	-	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	9	19
Charwoman	-	20
Washing and Bathing Service	17	39
Hospital and Institution Service	1	5
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	59	3
Merchant	4	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	7	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	4	-
Accountant	6	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	1
Commercial Traveller	9	-
Commercial Clerk	20	2
Bank Service	4	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	4	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	109	1
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	1	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	24	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	6	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	27	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	28	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	4	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	2	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	3	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	2	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	10	1
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	137	10
Farmer, Grazier	45	7
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	3	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	64	3
Shepherd	3	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	6	-
Gardener (not domestic)	15	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	9	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	4	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	2	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	1	-
Gamekeeper	2	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	7	4
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	3	4
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Printer	2	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	12	1
Engine, Machine Maker	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	4	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	3	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	1
Fishing Rod, Tackle, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	240	3
Builder	10	-
Carpenter, Joiner	67	1
Bricklayer	12	-
Mason	88	-
Slater, Tiler	2	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	12	-
Plumber	20	1
Painter, Glazier	19	1
Cabinet Maker	6	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	2	-
Carver, Gilder	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	24	-
Coachmaker	2	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	1	-
Wheelwright	15	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	6	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	2	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	28	-
Dye, Paint Manufacture	21	-
Chemist, Druggist	6	-
Manufacturing Chemist	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	1	2
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	1	2
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	119	45
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	18	5
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	7	29
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	1	-
Brewer	-	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	1	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	5	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	21	-
Provision Curer, Dealer	2	-
Fishmonger	4	-
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Corn Miller	4	-
Baker	16	-
Confectioner, Pastrycook	-	2
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	5	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	32	7
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	77	52
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	2	1
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	1	-
Others	-	1
Silk Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	17	25
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	2	1
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	-	1
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	4	-
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	3	1
Weaver (undefined)	2	5
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	12	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	3	5
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	26	9
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	2
Embroiderer	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	72	84
Tailor	33	1
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	60
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	11
Hosiery Manufacture	5	11
Hosier, Haberdasher	3	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	29	1
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	2	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	3	-
Comb Maker	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Currier	1	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	9	8
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	1	-
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Sawyer	2	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	2	-
Paper Manufacture	1	7
Stationer, Law Stationer	1	1
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	152	4
Coal Miner	4	-
Lead Miner	3	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	3	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	4	1
Coalheaver	2	-
Gas Works Service	2	-
Stone Quarrier	18	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	33	-
Limeburner	4	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	2	-
Road Labourer	4	-
Platelayer	3	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	19	-
Others	3	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	2	-
Glass Manufacture	1	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	2	1
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	4	2
Lapidary	1	-
Others	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	19	-
Whitesmith	2	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	4	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	4	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	196	34
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	10	8
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	6	3
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	145	-
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	9	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	10	4
Apprentice (undefined)	5	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	7	18
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	1	1
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	5	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	3	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	2	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	62	358
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	62	358
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	51	820
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	12	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	39	819

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)