Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Derbyshire RegC table	Belper RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	121	25
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	30	13
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	12	1
Police	42	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	13	11
Other Local or County Official	23	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	16	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	5	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	2	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	1
Army Pensioner	6	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	302	305
Clergymen (Established Church)	35	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	21	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	1	3
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	8
Theological Student	3	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	9	1
Barrister, Solicitor	13	-
Law Student	1	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	23	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	25	-
Dentist	2	-
Medical Student, Assistant	11	-
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	1	30
Schoolmaster	93	209
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	32
School Service, and others connected with teaching	3	2
Author, Editor, Journalist	3	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	1
Civil Engineer	4	-
Mining Engineer	6	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	9	-
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	6	-
Musician, Music Master	15	11
Art Student	2	1
Photographer	6	1
Actor	4	4
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	1	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	311	2,055
Domestic Coachman, Groom	78	1
Domestic Gardener	88	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	118	1,749
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	3	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	21	21
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	3
Cook (not domestic)	-	3
Charwoman	-	119
Washing and Bathing Service	1	156
Hospital and Institution Service	-	2
Others engaged in Service	1	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	322	3
Merchant	3	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	17	2
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	15	-
Accountant	8	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	-
Commercial Traveller	25	-
Commercial Clerk	209	1
Bank Service	26	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	18	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	540	18
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	19	-
Railway Guard	15	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	16	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	252	1
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	1	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	3	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	28	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	105	1
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	20	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	9	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	11	13
Meter, Weigher	8	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	47	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	5	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	1,976	96
Farmer, Grazier	526	48
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	165	-
Farm Bailiff	28	4
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	1,134	42
Shepherd	10	-
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	1	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	2	-
Agricultural Student	1	-
Woodman	12	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	4	1
Gardener (not domestic)	93	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	88	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	46	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	8	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	11	-
Gamekeeper	20	-
Vermin Destroyer	2	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	52	3
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	4	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	1	-
Printer	39	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	5	1
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	2	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	406	4
Engine, Machine Maker	68	1
Millwright	11	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	171	-
Boiler Maker	83	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	20	1
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	2	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	4	-
File Maker	13	1
Pin Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	23	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	8	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	999	6
Builder	36	-
Carpenter, Joiner	302	1
Bricklayer	202	1
Mason	217	1
Slater, Tiler	13	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	27	-
Paperhanger	1	-
Plumber	58	-
Painter, Glazier	96	2
Cabinet Maker	27	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	2	1
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	-
Gas Fitter	6	-
Dealer in Works of Art	1	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	9	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	143	1
Coachmaker	11	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	13	-
Wheelwright	81	-
Others	6	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	32	1
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	3	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	1	-
Sail Maker	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	55	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	7	-
Chemist, Druggist	43	2
Manufacturing Chemist	4	1
Alkali Manufacture	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	1	1
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	1	1
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	669	119
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	112	18
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	7
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	-	1
Maltster	7	-
Brewer	10	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	26	3
Cellarman	3	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	6	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	4	-
Cheesemonger, Butterman	-	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	155	4
Provision Curer, Dealer	10	1
Poulterer, Game Dealer	2	-
Fishmonger	13	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	10	-
Corn Miller	18	-
Baker	54	2
Confectioner, Pastrycook	10	11
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	29	9
Sugar Refiner	4	1
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	191	57
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	4	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	359	973
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	14	4
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	2	-
Others	-	2
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	21	33
Silk Dyer, Printer	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	155	531
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	25	9
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	2	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	65
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	42	65
Thread Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Net Maker	-	6
Weaver (undefined)	1	5
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	13	4
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	10	129
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	62	14
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	2
Trimming Maker, Dealer	1	1
Embroiderer	-	103
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	878	1,463
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	-	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	7
Tailor	123	14
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	572
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	3	248
Hosiery Manufacture	509	605
Hosier, Haberdasher	43	8
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	182	7
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	17	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	23	-
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	3	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	9	-
Currier	10	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	126	31
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	2	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	2	-
Others	-	1
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	8	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	15	-
Sawyer	36	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	28	4
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	5	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Others	3	3
Paper Manufacture	19	13
Stationer, Law Stationer	3	4
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	4
Ticket, Label Writer	-	1
Others	2	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	6,191	43
Coal Miner	3,382	4
Ironstone Miner	19	-
Lead Miner	90	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	91	-
Mine Service	23	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	1	-
Coal Merchant	38	1
Coalheaver	16	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	6	-
Gas Works Service	24	-
Stone Quarrier	218	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	60	1
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	25	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	6	-
Well Sinker, Borer	8	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	3	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	96	-
Paviour	1	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	13	-
Railway Contractor	7	-
Platelayer	60	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	81	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	106	22
Glass Manufacture	11	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	6	4
Waterworks Service	4	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	1	-
Lapidary	1	-
Others	-	1
[Iron Manufacture]	987	-
[Steel Manufacture]	5	-
Blacksmith	237	1
Whitesmith	4	-
Nail Manufacture	349	5
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	13	1
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	11	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	21	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	27	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	6	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	6	1
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	124	1
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	1	-
Others	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,500	146
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	33	38
Pawnbroker	3	2
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	80	17
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	5	-
Contractor (undefined)	5	-
General Labourer	957	2
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	230	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	114	8
Apprentice (undefined)	15	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	50	66
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	8	12
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	23	1
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	21	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	-	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	176	1,868
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	176	1,868
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	197	8,077
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	45	19
[Blank field, or illegible]	152	8,058

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)