Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Edmonton RegD/PLU table	Enfield St Andrew AP/CP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	135	5
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	39	3
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	17	-
Police	71	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	7	1
Other Local or County Official	1	1
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	25	1
Army Officer (effective/retired)	9	1
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	2	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	3	-
Army Pensioner	10	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	137	134
Clergymen (Established Church)	10	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	7	1
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	3	1
Theological Student	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	2
Barrister, Solicitor	13	-
Law Student	4	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	19	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	7	-
Dentist	5	-
Medical Student, Assistant	4	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	-	20
Schoolmaster	27	74
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	28
School Service, and others connected with teaching	-	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	5	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	2	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	-
Civil Engineer	4	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	5	-
Painter (artist)	4	-
Architect	4	-
Musician, Music Master	3	6
Art Student	1	-
Photographer	2	-
Actor	2	-
Art, Music, Theatre Service	1	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	248	1,133
Domestic Coachman, Groom	72	2
Domestic Gardener	97	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	48	930
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	1	-
Inn, Hotel Servant	29	16
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	1
Charwoman	-	37
Washing and Bathing Service	-	130
Hospital and Institution Service	-	16
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	203	5
Merchant	12	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	25	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	7	-
Accountant	12	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	1
Commercial Traveller	13	-
Commercial Clerk	105	4
Banker	2	-
Bank Service	12	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	14	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	302	1
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	15	-
Railway Guard	20	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	82	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	5	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	31	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	91	1
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	3	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	7	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	5	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	13	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	29	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	847	31
Farmer, Grazier	50	4
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	15	-
Farm Bailiff	11	1
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	538	16
Shepherd	3	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	2	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	33	1
Gardener (not domestic)	193	9
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	43	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	26	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	13	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	2	-
Drover	1	-
Gamekeeper	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	42	1
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	2	-
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	3	1
Printer	35	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	1	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	648	7
Engine, Machine Maker	18	-
Millwright	7	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	82	-
Boiler Maker	1	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	-	1
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	3	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	13	-
File Maker	3	1
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	9	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	5	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	498	5
Sword, Bayonet - Maker, Cutler	3	-
Type Cutter, Founder	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	-
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	631	5
Builder	40	-
Carpenter, Joiner	214	1
Bricklayer	169	-
Mason	12	-
Slater, Tiler	1	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	29	-
Paperhanger	2	-
Plumber	38	-
Painter, Glazier	95	-
Cabinet Maker	15	1
French Polisher	2	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	4	-
Gas Fitter	4	1
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Carver, Gilder	2	1
Dealer in Works of Art	2	-
Artificial Flower Maker	-	1
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	49	-
Coachmaker	10	-
Wheelwright	24	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	15	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	4	6
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	3	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	1	-
Sail Maker	-	6
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	11	1
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	1	-
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	1	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	2	1
Chemist, Druggist	5	-
Manufacturing Chemist	2	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	3	1
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	3	1
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	321	46
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	37	6
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	9
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	3	1
Maltster	2	-
Brewer	9	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	15	8
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	1	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	14	2
Cheesemonger, Butterman	2	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	53	2
Provision Curer, Dealer	-	1
Fishmonger	8	-
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	12	-
Corn Miller	1	-
Baker	58	9
Confectioner, Pastrycook	17	2
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	18	1
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	69	5
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	105	253
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	3	8
Silk Dyer, Printer	3	-
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	20	55
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	2	1
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	2
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	25	147
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Mat Maker, Seller	1	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	1	3
Weaver (undefined)	4	18
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	7	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	3	1
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	28	14
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	2
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	82	194
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	3
Tailor	21	5
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	2	156
Shawl Manufacture	-	1
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	1	19
Hosier, Haberdasher	4	4
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	44	6
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	7	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	4	-
Others	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	1	-
Parchment, Vellum - Maker, Dealer	1	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	86	9
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Oil and Colourman	3	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	28	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	6	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	2	-
Sawyer	16	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	1	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	2	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	14	4
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	4
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	252	4
Coal Merchant	10	-
Coalheaver	17	-
Gas Works Service	11	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	1	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	1	-
Well Sinker, Borer	2	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	62	2
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	3	-
Road Labourer	3	-
Platelayer	6	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	8	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	-	1
Waterworks Service	8	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	7	-
[Iron Manufacture]	15	-
[Steel Manufacture]	3	-
Blacksmith	69	-
Whitesmith	8	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	5	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	2	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	3	1
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	629	52
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	21	11
Pawnbroker	1	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	13	2
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	12	1
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	454	2
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	21	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	47	3
Apprentice (undefined)	1	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	32	26
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	24	7
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	10	-
Town Drainage Service	3	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	7	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	114	597
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	114	597
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	110	2,860
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	7	2
[Blank field, or illegible]	103	2,858

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)