Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Kent RegC table	Eastry RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	83	8
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	19	4
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	12	2
Prison Service, &c.	1	-
Police	28	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	12	2
Other Local or County Official	9	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	1,581	6
Army Officer (effective/retired)	25	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	335	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	4	-
Army Pensioner	14	1
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	16	-
Seaman, R.N.	51	-
Royal Marines (officers/men)	1,112	4
Navy Pensioner	24	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	172	244
Clergymen (Established Church)	31	1
Roman Catholic Priest	4	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	8	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	2	-
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	28
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	4	-
Barrister, Solicitor	9	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	13	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	14	-
Medical Student, Assistant	8	-
Midwife	-	1
Subordinate Medical Service	2	31
Schoolmaster	51	116
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	53
School Service, and others connected with teaching	-	3
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	3	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	3	-
Painter (artist)	2	-
Architect	1	-
Musician, Music Master	4	8
Art Student	-	2
Photographer	7	1
Actor	3	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	213	1,628
Domestic Coachman, Groom	76	-
Domestic Gardener	43	1
Domestic Indoor Servant	71	1,359
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	-	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	15	28
College, Club Service	1	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	-	1
Cook (not domestic)	-	1
Charwoman	-	69
Washing and Bathing Service	3	166
Hospital and Institution Service	4	1
Others engaged in Service	-	1
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	74	3
Merchant	1	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	2	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	9	-
Accountant	5	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	-
Commercial Traveller	2	-
Commercial Clerk	40	3
Bank Service	11	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	3	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	639	3
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	5	-
Railway Guard	1	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	3	1
Other Railway Officials and Servants	32	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	10	1
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	41	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	83	-
Inland Navigation Service	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	64	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	2	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	257	-
Pilot	79	-
Ship Steward, Cook	1	-
Boatman on Seas	14	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	2	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	3	1
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	40	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	2,177	28
Farmer, Grazier	184	8
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	68	-
Farm Bailiff	45	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	1,596	15
Shepherd	41	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	4	-
Agricultural Student	2	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	7	-
Gardener (not domestic)	230	5
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	61	2
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	22	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	5	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	2	-
Drover	1	-
Gamekeeper	10	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	-	1
Vermin Destroyer	1	-
Fisherman	19	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	31	1
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	3	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	1	-
Bookbinder	2	-
Printer	25	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	45	1
Engine, Machine Maker	12	-
Millwright	1	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	5	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	2	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	1	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	16	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	1	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	6	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	576	3
Builder	41	1
Carpenter, Joiner	189	-
Bricklayer	185	-
Mason	10	-
Slater, Tiler	2	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	18	-
Paperhanger	5	-
Plumber	25	-
Painter, Glazier	79	-
Cabinet Maker	10	1
Furniture Broker, Dealer	4	-
Gas Fitter	6	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Carver, Gilder	1	-
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	-	1
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	38	-
Coachmaker	10	-
Wheelwright	14	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	14	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	29	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	15	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	12	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	17	-
Chemist, Druggist	17	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	4	3
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	2	3
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	2	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	641	108
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	116	15
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	3	52
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	1	-
Maltster	12	-
Brewer	80	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	9	-
Cellarman	11	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	8	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	17	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	82	5
Provision Curer, Dealer	1	1
Poulterer, Game Dealer	4	1
Fishmonger	12	2
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	8	-
Corn Miller	35	-
Baker	100	6
Confectioner, Pastrycook	4	1
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	13	9
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	122	16
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	3	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	72	39
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	1	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	-	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	3	1
Mat Maker, Seller	1	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Weaver (undefined)	2	-
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	58	34
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	1	3
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	160	391
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	1	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	2
Tailor	51	7
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	1	339
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	35
Hosier, Haberdasher	2	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	98	5
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	7	-
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	24	-
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	1	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	17	-
Currier	5	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	64	3
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	6	-
Oil and Colourman	3	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	8	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	1	-
Thatcher	10	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	3	-
Sawyer	15	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	4	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	2	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	6	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	5	2
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	249	3
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	1	-
Coal Merchant	13	-
Coalheaver	7	-
Gas Works Service	14	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	3	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	41	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Railway Contractor	3	-
Platelayer	13	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	7	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	1	2
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	3	-
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	2	-
[Iron Manufacture]	9	-
Blacksmith	92	-
Whitesmith	9	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	15	1
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	7	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	552	56
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	26	24
Pawnbroker	1	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	13	5
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	4	-
General Labourer	444	6
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	31	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	25	9
Apprentice (undefined)	2	2
Factory Labourer (undefined)	5	1
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	1	9
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	8	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	5	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	2	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	144	851
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	144	851
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	144	4,148
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	1	1
[Blank field, or illegible]	143	4,147

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)