Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Sheffield RegD/PLU table	Sheffield Park SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	38	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	3	-
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	5	-
Police	22	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	7	-
Other Local or County Official	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	8	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	2	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	4	-
Navy Pensioner	1	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	79	42
Clergymen (Established Church)	4	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	7	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	1	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	1
Barrister, Solicitor	3	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	6	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	2	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	2	-
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	2	11
Schoolmaster	17	24
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	-
Author, Editor, Journalist	1	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	2	-
Civil Engineer	1	-
Mining Engineer	1	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	2	-
Painter (artist)	2	-
Engraver (artist)	2	1
Architect	2	-
Musician, Music Master	8	2
Art Student	-	1
Photographer	1	-
Art, Music, Theatre Service	2	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	3	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	4	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	57	662
Domestic Coachman, Groom	15	-
Domestic Gardener	14	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	7	510
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	-	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	21	15
College, Club Service	-	2
Office Keeper (not Government)	-	3
Charwoman	-	101
Washing and Bathing Service	-	30
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	136	4
Merchant	4	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	3	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	6	-
Accountant	5	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	6	-
Commercial Traveller	20	1
Commercial Clerk	82	2
Bank Service	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	9	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	457	75
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	12	-
Railway Guard	7	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	3	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	54	-
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	-	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	2	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	17	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	239	1
Inland Navigation Service	4	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	23	15
Seaman (Merchant Service)	4	-
Ship Steward, Cook	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	1	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	15	54
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	73	3
Telegraph, Telephone Service	2	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	75	1
Farmer, Grazier	16	1
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	7	-
Farm Bailiff	1	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	41	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	1	-
Gardener (not domestic)	8	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	21	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	2	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	12	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	3	-
Drover	1	-
Gamekeeper	2	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	35	21
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	1	-
Bookbinder	2	11
Printer	23	9
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	2	1
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	7	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	1,494	180
Engine, Machine Maker	30	1
Millwright	4	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	62	-
Boiler Maker	23	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	14	4
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	34	1
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	149	2
Cutler, Scissors Maker	780	77
File Maker	303	75
Saw Maker	49	8
Needle Maker	1	3
Domestic Implement Maker	10	2
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	6	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	5	3
Electrical Apparatus Maker	7	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	3	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	4	1
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	1	1
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	2	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	3	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	2
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	2	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	368	23
Builder	9	-
Carpenter, Joiner	71	2
Bricklayer	71	-
Mason	86	-
Slater, Tiler	7	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	20	-
Paperhanger	9	1
Plumber	17	-
Painter, Glazier	37	-
Cabinet Maker	21	13
French Polisher	2	6
Furniture Broker, Dealer	2	-
Locksmith, Bellhanger	1	1
Gas Fitter	11	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	1	-
Wood Carver	3	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	79	-
Coachmaker	6	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	55	-
Wheelwright	12	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	6	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	2	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	1	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	15	1
Chemist, Druggist	12	-
Manufacturing Chemist	2	1
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	5	15
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	4	15
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	1	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	360	71
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	47	7
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	6
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	-	1
Maltster	7	1
Brewer	27	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	3	1
Cellarman	9	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	16	-
Cheesemonger, Butterman	2	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	95	7
Provision Curer, Dealer	14	10
Poulterer, Game Dealer	7	-
Fishmonger	15	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	4	-
Corn Miller	6	-
Baker	7	2
Confectioner, Pastrycook	10	7
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	31	5
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	-	4
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	57	16
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	49	16
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	-	1
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	1	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1	2
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	-
Hemp, Jute, Cocoa Fibre Manufacture	1	-
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	3	-
Others working and Dealing in Hemp	1	-
Weaver (undefined)	-	3
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	2	-
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	38	10
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	111	243
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	2	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	29	12
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	173
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	1	17
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	1	3
Button Maker, Dealer	1	14
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	59	8
Patten, Clog Maker	5	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	6	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	6	14
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	52	74
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	4	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	1	-
Manure Manufacture	-	1
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	6	5
Comb Maker	4	9
Tanner, Fellmonger	2	-
Currier	25	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	8	22
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	-	35
Brush, Broom, Maker	2	2
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	75	18
Japanner	-	3
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	9	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	9	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	13	-
Sawyer	16	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	1	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	12	3
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	13	1
Stationer, Law Stationer	1	2
Card, Pattern Card Maker	-	3
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	-	4
Ticket, Label Writer	-	1
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	1,657	229
Coal Miner	437	3
Lead Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	1	-
Mine Service	6	-
Coal Merchant	13	-
Coalheaver	19	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	13	2
Gas Works Service	25	-
Stone Quarrier	22	1
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	5	-
Well Sinker, Borer	4	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	39	1
Paviour	1	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	1	-
Road Labourer	5	-
Platelayer	12	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	22	1
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	19	-
Glass Manufacture	10	4
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	4	5
Salt Maker, Dealer	2	-
Waterworks Service	4	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	153	17
Others	33	102
[Iron Manufacture]	233	2
[Steel Manufacture]	233	1
Blacksmith	100	-
Whitesmith	5	-
Nail Manufacture	3	3
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	15	1
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	26	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	12	11
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	24	26
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	18	-
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	1	1
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	93	30
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	21	3
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	15	14
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	1	-
Others	4	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	508	101
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	8	13
Pawnbroker	15	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	26	23
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	8	-
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	327	3
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	80	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	27	10
Apprentice (undefined)	3	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	11	43
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	-	9
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	18	-
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	4	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	12	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	58	150
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	58	150
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	35	3,585
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	5	3
[Blank field, or illegible]	30	3,582

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)