Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

Show Portsmouth RegD/PLPar/PLU table	Kingston SubD

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	347	20
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	79	6
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	11	-
Prison Service, &c.	147	3
Police	92	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	18	11
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	1,141	4
Army Officer (effective/retired)	12	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	74	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	2	-
Army Pensioner	39	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	206	1
Seaman, R.N.	408	1
Royal Marines (officers/men)	2	-
Navy Pensioner	398	2
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	176	240
Clergymen (Established Church)	2	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	6	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	4	4
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	2	-
Barrister, Solicitor	7	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	17	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	16	-
Dentist	1	-
Medical Student, Assistant	9	-
Midwife	-	3
Subordinate Medical Service	3	59
Schoolmaster	52	125
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	3	7
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	6	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	1	-
Civil Engineer	8	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Painter (artist)	6	1
Sculptor	1	-
Architect	-	1
Musician, Music Master	15	33
Art Student	1	3
Photographer	8	1
Actor	-	2
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	2	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	1	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	84	1,558
Domestic Coachman, Groom	11	-
Domestic Gardener	9	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	31	1,078
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	-	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	18	23
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	1
Cook (not domestic)	1	1
Charwoman	1	188
Washing and Bathing Service	1	230
Hospital and Institution Service	11	28
Others engaged in Service	-	8
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	189	5
Merchant	1	2
Broker, Agent, Factor	15	-
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	5	-
Accountant	5	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	-
Commercial Traveller	20	-
Commercial Clerk	113	2
Bank Service	6	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	22	1
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	738	7
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	12	-
Railway Guard	4	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	1	1
Other Railway Officials and Servants	47	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	6	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	19	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	107	1
Tramway Companies' Service	32	-
Wheel Chair Proprietor, Attendant &c.	1	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	68	1
Seaman (Merchant Service)	261	1
Pilot	2	-
Ship Steward, Cook	18	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	32	2
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	12	-
Meter, Weigher	2	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	111	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	3	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	200	3
Farmer, Grazier	15	-
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	5	-
Farm Bailiff	3	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	121	3
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	5	-
Gardener (not domestic)	48	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	81	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	3	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	23	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	1	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	11	-
Drover	9	-
Gamekeeper	2	-
Fisherman	32	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	86	9
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	4	5
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	3	-
Bookbinder	9	3
Printer	61	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	9	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	443	6
Engine, Machine Maker	28	-
Millwright	30	1
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	205	1
Boiler Maker	148	1
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	4	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	15	2
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	3	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	2	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	4	1
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,237	16
Builder	48	-
Carpenter, Joiner	415	1
Bricklayer	296	1
Mason	79	-
Slater, Tiler	4	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	49	-
Paperhanger	8	-
Plumber	59	1
Painter, Glazier	180	1
Cabinet Maker	49	7
French Polisher	6	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	10	4
Locksmith, Bellhanger	4	-
Gas Fitter	22	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	2	-
Carver, Gilder	2	-
Figure, Image - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Animal, Bird &c. Preserver, Naturalist	2	-
Artificial Flower Maker	1	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	56	-
Coachmaker	11	-
Wheelwright	28	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	17	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	1,258	5
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	425	3
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	747	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	13	1
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	53	1
Sail Maker	20	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	33	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	2
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	22	1
Manufacturing Chemist	8	-
Drysalter	1	-
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	11	7
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	11	7
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	716	90
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	47	6
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	8
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	5	-
Maltster	2	-
Brewer	49	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	50	10
Cellarman	8	1
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	4	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	53	3
Cheesemonger, Butterman	1	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	121	4
Provision Curer, Dealer	7	-
Fishmonger	16	2
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	11	2
Corn Miller	2	-
Baker	131	6
Confectioner, Pastrycook	23	15
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	46	16
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	131	17
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	9	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	90	72
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	2	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	-	3
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	27	1
Mat Maker, Seller	1	1
Net Maker	1	1
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	5	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	54	58
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	5
Embroiderer	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	344	1,559
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	8	3
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	3
Tailor	88	150
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	61	1,161
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	209
Hosiery Manufacture	2	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	3	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	159	24
Patten, Clog Maker	1	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	21	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	1
Accoutrement Maker	-	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	4
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	23	2
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	6	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	4	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Currier	2	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	2	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	8	1
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	-	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	99	55
Oil and Colourman	3	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	3
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	11	-
Sawyer	38	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	6	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	10	3
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	9	-
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	5	-
Stationer, Law Stationer	8	3
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	2	46
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	622	10
Coal Miner	2	-
Coal Merchant	16	1
Coalheaver	13	-
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	3	-
Gas Works Service	39	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	4	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	2	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	86	1
Paviour	2	-
Road Labourer	13	1
Platelayer	8	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	17	-
Others	1	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	1	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	9	2
Salt Maker, Dealer	1	1
Waterworks Service	2	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	1	1
Lapidary	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	52	-
Blacksmith	249	1
Whitesmith	12	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	22	2
[Coppersmith]	41	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	8	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	14	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	2	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,297	73
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	83	30
Pawnbroker	22	6
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	46	23
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	12	1
Contractor (undefined)	4	-
General Labourer	955	5
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	89	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	69	2
Apprentice (undefined)	10	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	3	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	4	6
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	11	4
Town Drainage Service	3	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	3	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	1	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	4	4
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	244	2,035
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	244	2,035
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	92	5,463
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	8	3
[Blank field, or illegible]	84	5,460

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Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)